Common Health Issues in Cats (And How to Address Them)
Owning a cat is a rewarding and joyful experience, but it also comes with the responsibility of safeguarding their health. Just like us, our feline friends can face various health challenges. Recognizing the signs early can make all the difference in ensuring your cat gets the care they need. Below, we’ll walk you through the most common health issues in cats, their symptoms, and what you can do to help.
1. Vomiting
It can be alarming when your cat vomits, especially if it seems frequent. Vomiting can have many causes, ranging from eating too quickly to more serious issues like ingesting a toxin, hairballs, infections, or underlying diseases.
Signs to watch for:
- Repeated vomiting
- Lethargy
- Loss of appetite
- Blood in vomit
What to do:
If your cat vomits once and seems fine, keep an eye on them and remove access to food for a few hours before reintroducing a bland meal (as advised by your vet). However, persistent or severe vomiting requires immediate veterinary attention.
Pro tip: Regular grooming can reduce hairballs, which are a common cause of vomiting in cats.
2. Feline Lower Urinary Tract Diseases (FLUTD)
FLUTD refers to a group of conditions that affect a cat’s bladder and urethra. This issue is particularly common in overweight cats or those who eat primarily dry food. FLUTD can be life-threatening if not treated quickly.
Symptoms include:
- Straining to urinate
- Frequent trips to the litter box with little result
- Blood in the urine
- Crying out in pain or avoiding the litter box entirely
What to do:
If you notice these symptoms, seek veterinary care immediately, as a blockage in male cats can become a serious emergency. A balanced diet, proper hydration, and a stress-free environment can help prevent FLUTD from occurring.
3. Fleas
These tiny parasites may seem like just an annoyance, but fleas can lead to serious discomfort and health issues like anemia, allergic reactions, and tapeworm infestations.
Symptoms to look for:
- Excessive scratching or biting at the skin
- Hair loss, particularly around the base of the tail
- Visible fleas or flea dirt (small black specks) on their coat
What to do:
Use a flea comb to check your cat’s coat regularly, especially if they venture outdoors. Consult your vet for the safest flea treatments or preventatives, as some over-the-counter options can be toxic to cats. Treat your home to remove fleas and their eggs to prevent reinfestation.
Tip: Year-round flea prevention is the best way to keep these pests at bay.
4. Tapeworms
Tapeworms are intestinal parasites that often come as a package deal with fleas. Cats can contract them by ingesting an infected flea during grooming or eating a rodent.
Symptoms include:
- Small white segments resembling grains of rice near the tail or in the litter box
- Vomiting or diarrhea (in severe cases)
- Weight loss despite normal eating habits
What to do:
If you suspect tapeworms, consult your vet for a safe deworming treatment. Controlling fleas is crucial to prevent future infections. Good hygiene, such as regularly cleaning the litter box, helps reduce risks.
5. Diarrhea
Occasional bouts of diarrhea can happen, especially if your cat has eaten something unusual or their diet has recently changed. However, persistent diarrhea may indicate a more serious problem, such as an infection, allergies, or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Symptoms include:
- Loose or watery stools
- Frequent trips to the litter box
- Dehydration or lethargy
What to do:
Ensure your cat stays hydrated, as diarrhea can lead to dehydration. If the issue persists for more than 24 hours or you notice blood in their stool, consult your vet for a full evaluation. Sometimes a diet change or medication is required.
Note: Gradually transitioning new foods into your cat’s diet can help avoid upset stomachs.
6. Eye Problems
Cats are naturally curious creatures, putting their eyes at risk of injuries or infections. Conditions like conjunctivitis, cataracts, or glaucoma can occur, with symptoms often including visible discomfort.
Common signs include:
- Watery or cloudy eyes
- Redness or visible swelling
- Pawing at the eyes
- Discharge
What to do:
If you notice any of these symptoms, schedule a vet appointment as soon as possible. Eye problems can worsen quickly if untreated. Regularly wiping away discharge with a damp, clean cloth can provide temporary relief but shouldn’t replace professional care.
Fun fact: Keeping your cat indoors reduces their risk of eye-related injuries and infections.
Keeping Your Cat Happy and Healthy
Being proactive about your cat’s health is the best way to ensure they lead a long and happy life. Remember, small changes in behavior or appearance can signal the beginnings of a health issue. If you’re ever in doubt, it’s always better to consult with your veterinarian.
Your feline friend depends on you for their well-being, and staying informed about common health concerns is an excellent way to start. With love, care, and regular check-ups, you can safeguard your cat’s health and enjoy their companionship for years to come.
Got any health concerns about your cat? Share them below, or consult your vet for tailored advice—because every cat deserves a purr-fectly healthy life!





